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Abstract
Many important classes of compounds, including flavonoids, flavones, flavone glycosides, chalcones, chalcone glycosides, xanthones, diterpenoids, dimeric diterpenes, and sterols, have been isolated from Andrographis paniculata (kalmegh) of the Acanthaceae family. Though multiple clinical applications such as anti-inflammatory, antiprolifiratory, antihepatic, antithrombogenic, antisnake venom, and antipyretic activities have been indicated for this plant in traditional siddha and ayurvedic systems of medicine and tribal medicine in India and some other countries, only a small number of isolated compounds have been tested experimentally. This prompted us to isolate and test diterpenoid lactones from Andrographis paniculata for anticancer activity.Petroleum ether and chloroform extracts of Andrographis paniculata leaves were prepared and chromotographed over a column of silica gel using a gradient-elution technique, and two compounds were isolated and purified by crystallisation using methanol and ethyl acetate. IR, NMR, and LC-MS spectra were used to characterise the compounds, which were then compared to authentic samples of andrographolide (1), 14-deoxy andrographolide (2), and neoandrographolide (3) for identification. MTT-PROLIFERATION ASSAY was used to test the identified compounds on various cancer cell lines such as HepG2 (hepatocellular) and Hct-116 (Human colorectal) at various concentrations. DAPI STAINING and ACRIDINE-ORANGE STAINING techniques were also used to confirm the findings. Both compounds demonstrated significant activity at micromolar concentrations.Top of Form