A Review on Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not generate enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to severe damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels. DM can also occur secondary to genetic defects in beta cell function or insulin action, pancreatic diseases or other endocrinopathies, medications, toxic chemicals, or uncommon forms of immune-mediateddiabetes, e.g., "stiff man syndrome" or the presence of anti-insulinreceptor antibodies.