Epidemiology of Some of Trauma Related Factors in Iran within the Years 2001 to 2014: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

Abstract

Introduction: Trauma is the most common cause of death in the first four decades of life, and today, due to its high economic and social effects and costs, is one of the major problems threatening the health of human com- munities. This meta-analysis study is to estimate the risk factors associated with trauma has taken place in Iran.Methods and material: This meta-analysis has been conducted on scientific related papers published in Iran within the years 2001 to 2014. Accordingly searching with the use of keywords trauma and Iran, in data bases PubMed, ISI, -Magiran, Google Scholar, Iran Medex, Irandoc, SIDEMBAS, was conducted. To combine the results of studies due to heterogeneity of studies random effects model was used. To assess heterogeneity index Q s and Cochran were used. Data were analyzed with the software R and STATA 11.Results: From 114 searched studies, 47 cases were identified eligible papers. Accordingly, the first and the second leading causes of trauma are accidents by 49% (CI% 95, .44-.48), and fall by 23% (CI% 95, .20-.27), respectively. Motorcycle as the most common vehicle 37% (CI% 95, .31-.43), and pedestrians by 33% (CI% 95, .22-.43) were identified as the group mostly at risk of inju- ry in accidents. Men (79%) and young adults i.e. the age groups of 21 to 30 years with 29% (CI% 95, .27-.32) were more than the other groups at risk of harm. The least amount of damages caused by trauma occurred in people with a college education 0.04% (CI% 95, .03-.06) Head and neck regions with 37% (CI% 95, .26-.48) were damaged in trauma more than other parts of the body. Trauma was significantly reported in summer more than other sea- sons of the year by 33%.Conclusion: Increasing the qualitative and quantitative levels of Trauma-related trainings, through the media and relief organizations, with more focusing on men and young people is essential.The need to use seat belts and helmets, upgrading medical and diagnostic equipment in trauma centers to reduce the harm to the head and neck areas is recommended. Repairing urban and road black spots, building safe roads and streets and promoting workplace safety and housing in prevention and reduction of harm especially in summer is recom- mended.