Monkeypox Virus-Disease of Pandemic Potential

Abstract

The orthopoxvirus genus includes the monkeypox virus (MPXV). The MPXV virus was first discovered in 1958 in research-use laboratory monkeys, and it was later discovered to infect people in Central and West African nations. Humans typically contract the virus from sick animals or contaminated objects. The virus can also spread from person to person through close contact or respiratory droplets.Monkeypox symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, and a rash. The clinical presentation of monkeypox can be mild to severe. Depending on the outbreak, human fatality rates can be anywhere from 1-10%, with immunocompromised people experiencing more severe instances. Although smallpox vaccination can offer some cross-protection, there is presently no specific therapy or vaccine for monkeypox. Because monkeypox looks similarto other rash conditions, diagnosing it can be difficult. The epidemiology, transmission, and pathophysiology of MPXV need to be better understood in order to create effective prevention and control measures.