Magnetic carriers: a novel approach for the targeted drug delivery

Abstract

Magnetic targeted drug delivery, based upon magnetic particles under the action of an external magnetic field, is an effective technique for drug therapy. It is aimed at concentrating drugs at target site, with the help of a mag- netic field, to direct the drugs away from reticulo endothelial system. These systems improve the therapeutic effi- cacy of associated chemotherapeutic agents, by altering their distribution in the body. The technique involves binding of a drug to biocompatible magnetic particles, injecting into the blood stream using high gradient magnet- ic field to target the defined site. High concentrations of chemotherapeutic or radiological agents are achieved at the target site without any toxic effects to surrounding tissues. Their targeted applications include using them as contrast agents and drug reservoirs which are activated by a magnet applied outside the body. The pharmacoki- netic characteristics must be optimized for the specific target organ, as the normal organ behavior differs from that of a diseased organ. More strategies are required to further improve this technique. Recent advances show promise in progressing this technology from the laboratory to clinic.