Phytochimical and insecticidal study of three organic extracts of Crataeva religiosa Forst on Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus

Abstract

The peasants use more and more the plants to protect the food products in Senegal. A phyotochimic and insecticidal study was conducted on three organic extracts (cyclohexanic, chloroformic and methanolic) of Crataeva religiosa on the devastating insects of maize and of niébé (Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus). The data were analyzed by the procedure General Linear Model using the software Minitab 17. The results of the analysis showed that the chloroformic extract gives a better mortality rate on Sitophilus zeamaïs and Callosobruchus maculatus to the 4th day, 5th day, 6th day, and 7th day. The insect Callosobruchus maculatus is more sensitive to the treatment. These results are corroborated by the phyotochimic tests with the identification of molecules (alkaloids, flavanoides, tannins…) likely to be responsible for this insecticidal activity.